Nei zvisingaperi magineti synchronous motors ichiva iwo main drive mota?

Nei zvisingaperi magineti synchronous motors ichiva iwo main drive mota?

Iyo mota yemagetsi inogona kushandura simba remagetsi kuita magetsi emagetsi, uye kuendesa iyo mechaniki simba kumavhiri kuburikidza neiyo nzira yekufambisa yekutyaira mota.Ndiyo imwe yepakati dhiraivha masisitimu emota nyowani simba.Parizvino, anowanzo shandiswa dhiraivha mota mumotokari dzesimba nyowani dzinonyanya kusingaperi magineti synchronous motors uye AC asynchronous motors.Mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi matsva anoshandisa anogara magineti synchronous motors.Makambani emotokari anomiririra anosanganisira BYD, Li Auto, nezvimwewo. Dzimwe mota dzinoshandisa AC asynchronous motors.Magetsi emagetsi anomiririra makambani emotokari akadai saTesla neMercedes-Benz.

Injini yeasynchronous inonyanya kuumbwa ne stator yakamira uye rotor inotenderera.Kana iyo stator winding yakabatana kune AC magetsi, rotor inotenderera uye inobuda simba.Nheyo huru ndeyokuti kana stator mhepo iine simba (inoshandura ikozvino), ichaita nzvimbo inotenderera yemagetsi, uye rotor winding ivhavha kondakita iyo inoramba ichicheka mitsetse ye stator yemagnetic induction mune stator inotenderera magnetic field.Zvinoenderana nemutemo waFaraday, kana conductor yakavharwa ichicheka mutsara wemagnetic induction, ikozvino inogadzirwa, uye yazvino inoburitsa magetsi emagetsi.Panguva ino, kune maviri emagetsi emagetsi minda: imwe ndeye stator electromagnetic field yakabatana kune yekunze alternating current, uye imwe inogadzirwa nekucheka stator electromagnetic induction line.Rotor electromagnetic munda.Maererano nemutemo weLenz, iyo induced current ichagara ichipikisa chikonzero cheiyo induced current, ndiko kuti, edza kudzivirira ma conductors pa rotor kubva pakucheka magineti induction mitsara ye stator inotenderera magnetic field.Chigumisiro ndechekuti: vatungamiri pa rotor "vachabata" ne stator's Nzvimbo yemagetsi inotenderera inoreva kuti rotor inodzingirira inotenderera magnetic field ye stator, uye pakupedzisira motokari inotanga kutenderera.Munguva yekushanda, kutenderera kwekutenderera kwe rotor (n2) uye kutenderera kwekutenderera kwe stator (n1) kunze kwekuenderana (kusiyana kwekukurumidza kunenge 2-6%).Naizvozvo, inonzi asynchronous AC mota.Pane zvinopesana, kana kumhanya kutenderera kwakafanana, inodaidzwa kuti motor synchronous.

Iyo inogara magineti synchronous mota zvakare imhando ye AC mota.Rotor yayo yakagadzirwa nesimbi ine magineti asingagumi.Kana mota iri kushanda, stator inopihwa simba rekuburitsa magineti inotenderera yekusundira rotor kuti itenderere."Synchronization" inoreva kuti kutenderera kwe rotor panguva yakatsiga-mamiriro ekushanda Kumhanya kunopindirana nekutenderera kwekutenderera kwemagnetic field.Permanent magnet synchronous motors ane yakakwira simba-ku-huremu reshiyo, idiki muhukuru, yakareruka muhuremu, ine hombe yekubuda torque, uye ine yakanakisa muganho kumhanya uye braking kuita.Naizvozvo, zvisingaperi magineti synchronous mota dzave mota yemagetsi inonyanya kushandiswa nhasi.yemagetsi mota.Nekudaro, kana iyo yechigarire magineti yakaiswa pasi pekuzunguzika, tembiricha yakakwira uye yakawandisa ikozvino, iyo magineti permeability inogona kudzikira, kana demagnetization inogona kuitika, iyo inogona kuderedza kushanda kwechigarire magineti mota.Uye zvakare, isingawanzo pasi inogara magineti synchronous motors inoshandisa isingawanzo pasi zvinhu, uye mutengo wekugadzira hauna kugadzikana.

Kuenzaniswa neanogara magineti synchronous motors, asynchronous mota dzinoda kutora simba remagetsi rekunakidzwa kana richishanda, iro rinopedza simba remagetsi uye kuderedza kushanda kwemota.Permanent magnet motors anodhura zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemagineti echigarire.

Mamodheru anosarudza AC asynchronous motors anowanzo kupa pamberi pekuita uye anotora mukana wekubuda kwekuita uye kugona mabhenefiti eAC asynchronous motors pakumhanya kwakanyanya.Muenzaniso wemumiririri ndiyo yekutanga Model S. Zvinhu zvikuru: Kana motokari iri kutyaira nekukurumidza, inogona kuchengetedza kushanda kwepamusoro-soro uye kushandiswa kwakanaka kwesimba remagetsi, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba paunenge uchichengetedza simba guru;

Mamodheru anosarudza magineti echigarire anowirirana mota anowanzo kukoshesa mashandisirwo esimba uye kushandisa mashandiro ekuita uye kushanda kwakanaka kwemagineti echigarire synchronous motors nekumhanya kwakaderera, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kumota diki nepakati.Hunhu hwayo hukuru hudiki, huremu huremu, uye hupenyu hwebhatiri hwakawedzerwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, ine yakanaka yekumhanyisa mutemo kuita uye inogona kuchengetedza yakanyanya kushanda kana yakatarisana neinodzokororwa kutanga, kumira, kumhanyisa uye kuderera.

Permanent magineti synchronous motors inotonga.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu kubva ku "New Energy Vehicle Indasitiri Chain Monthly Database" yakaburitswa neAdvanced Indasitiri Research Institute (GGII), iyo yemba yakaiswa yemagetsi matsva ekutyaira mota kubva munaNdira kusvika Nyamavhuvhu 2022 angangoita 3.478 miriyoni mayunitsi, gore-mberi. - gore kuwedzera kwe101%.Pakati pavo, iyo yakaiswa simba rekusingaperi magineti synchronous motors yaive 3.329 miriyoni units, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe106%;iyo yakaiswa ye AC asynchronous motors yaive 1.295 miriyoni mayunitsi, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe22%.

Permanent magineti synchronous motors dzave huru dhiraivha mumusika wakachena wemagetsi mufambi wemota.

Tichitarisa kubva pakusarudzwa kwemamoiri emamodhi akajairika kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, mota nyowani dzesimba dzakatangwa nevemumba SAIC Motor, Geely Automobile, Guangzhou Automobile, BAIC Motor, Denza Motors, nezvimwe zvese zvinoshandisa zvisingaperi magineti synchronous motors.Permanent magineti synchronous motors anonyanya kushandiswa muChina.Chekutanga, nekuti magineti echigarire synchronous motors ane yakanaka yakaderera-kumhanya mashandiro uye yakanyanya kutendeuka kushanda zvakanaka, ayo akakodzera zvakanyanya kuoma mamiriro ekushanda ane kazhinji anotanga uye anomira mumigwagwa yemuguta.Chechipiri, nekuda kweiyo neodymium iron boron magineti echigarire mune zvechigarire magineti synchronous motors.Zvishandiso zvinoda kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvepasi zvisingawanzo, uye nyika yangu ine 70% yepasirese zviwanikwa zvepasi, uye kuburitsa kwese kweNdFeB magineti zvinhu kunosvika makumi masere muzana epasirese, saka China inonyanya kuda kushandisa anogara magineti synchronous motors.

Yekune dzimwe nyika Tesla neBMW vanoshandisa zvachose magineti synchronous motors uye AC asynchronous motors kukudziridza zvakabatana.Kubva pamaonero echishandiso chimiro, chisingaperi magineti synchronous mota ndiyo sarudzo huru yemotokari nyowani dzesimba.

Mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvemagineti zvechigarire unosvika makumi matatu muzana emutengo wekusingaperi magineti synchronous motors.Izvo zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvechigarire magineti synchronous motors kunyanya zvinosanganisira neodymium iron boron, silicon simbi mashiti, mhangura uye aluminium.Pakati pavo, iyo isingaperi magineti zvinhu neodymium iron boron inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira rotor anogara magineti, uye mutengo wekuumbwa ungangoita 30%;silicon simbi mashizha anonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira akagadziridzwa Mutengo wekuumbwa kweiyo rotor core inenge 20%;mutengo wekuumbwa kwe stator winding inenge 15%;mutengo wekuumbwa kwemota shaft inenge 5%;uye mutengo wekuumbwa kwemota shell inenge 15%.

Sei vachidaroOSG inogara magineti motors screw air compressorinoshanda zvakanyanya?

Iyo inogara magineti synchronous mota inonyanya kuumbwa ne stator, rotor uye shell zvinhu.Kufanana neyakajairwa AC mota, iyo stator musimboti ine laminated dhizaini yekudzikisa kurasikirwa kwesimbi nekuda kweiyo eddy ikozvino uye hysteresis mhedzisiro kana mota ichimhanya;iwo ma windings anowanzowo matatu-phase symmetrical zvimiro, asi iyo parameter sarudzo yakatosiyana.Iyo rotor chikamu chine mafomu akasiyana, kusanganisira inogara magineti rotor ine yekutanga squirrel cage, uye yakamisikidzwa kana pamusoro-yakaiswa yakachena inogara magineti rotor.Iyo rotor core inogona kugadzirwa kuva yakasimba chimiro kana laminated.Iyo rotor yakashongedzerwa nekusingaperi magineti zvinhu, izvo zvinowanzonzi magineti.

Pasi pekushanda kwakajairwa kwechigarire magineti mota, iyo rotor uye stator magineti minda iri musynchronous state.Iko hakuna induced ikozvino muchikamu che rotor, uye hapana rotor copper kurasikirwa, hysteresis, kana eddy ikozvino kurasikirwa.Hapana chikonzero chekufunga nezve dambudziko rekurasikirwa kwe rotor uye kupisa.Kazhinji, iyo inogara magineti mota inofambiswa neyakasiyana frequency converter uye nemusikirwo ine yakapfava yekutanga basa.Uye zvakare, iyo inogara magineti mota ndeye synchronous mota, ine hunhu hwekugadzirisa simba chinhu kuburikidza nekusimba kwekunakidzwa, saka iyo simba chinhu chinogona kugadzirwa kune yakatarwa kukosha.

Kubva pakuona kwekutanga, nekuda kwekuti iyo inogara magineti mota inotangwa neinosiyana frequency magetsi magetsi kana inotsigira inverter, yekutanga maitiro echigarire magineti mota iri nyore kwazvo;yakafanana nekutanga kweinosiyana frequency mota, uye inodzivirira kukanganisa kwekutanga kweakajairwa cage asynchronous motors.

Muchidimbu, kushanda nesimba uye simba remagetsi echigarire magineti anogona kusvika zvakanyanya, chimiro chiri nyore, uye musika wanga uchipisa zvakanyanya mumakore gumi apfuura.

Nekudaro, kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa kutadza idambudziko risingadzivisike mumagineti anogara aripo.Kana iyo yazvino yakakurisa kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, tembiricha yemotor windings inokwira ipapo, iyo yazvino ichawedzera zvakanyanya, uye magineti echigarire anokurumidza kurasikirwa nekunakidzwa.Muchigarire magineti mota control, chidziviriro chepamusoro-chazvino chinoiswa kudzivirira dambudziko remota stator mhepo ichipiswa, asi kurasikirwa kunokonzeresa kwekunakidzwa uye kuvharika kwemidziyo hakudzivisike.